We will finish the school year this week. We will watch a miniseries about the 1970s. Your final (major grade) will be based on this (and other events of Period VIII). Also, the ABCs of Vietnam is due Friday (major grade)
US History
We will finish the school year this week. We will have grade repair sessions Monday and Tuesday. All replacement and extra credit work is due by Friday. We will review for our final test which will count as a major grade and possibly a replacement grade for Semester 2 Major Grades.
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Stimulus:2-3 questions each
“The successful launching of the Soviet satellite is an overwhelmingly important event—against our side….Within the past thirty days we have been treated to as skillfully executed an example of psychological or political warfare orchestration as I have ever seen.…The first note was the arrival of the Soviet jet airliner….The second was the announcement of the successful testing of their ICBM. The third was the earth satellite. The fourth was the announcement of the setting off of a hydrogen bomb. The fifth will be another bigger and better earth satellite….You will notice the skillful alteration of war and peace—coexistence and atomic blackmail. You will also notice that all these items convey…Soviet success. The U.S. has either failed or not yet succeeded.”
Charles D. Jackson, “The Sputnik Crisis: The Beep Heard ’Round the World,” 1957
In these circumstances it is clear that the main element of any United States policy toward the Soviet Union must be that of a long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies... It is clear that the United States cannot expect in the foreseeable future to enjoy political intimacy with the Soviet regime. It must continue to regard the Soviet Union as a rival, not a partner, in the political arena. It must continue to expect that Soviet policies will reflect no abstract love of peace and stability, no real faith in the possibility of a permanent happy coexistence of the Socialist and capitalist worlds, but rather a cautious, persistent pressure toward the disruption and weakening of all rival influence and rival power.
George Kennan, "The Sources of Soviet Conduct," Foreign Affairs (July 1947)
“In my opinion the State Department, which is one of the most important government departments, is thoroughly infested with Communists.…I have in my hand 57 cases of individuals who would appear to be either card carrying members or certainly loyal to the Communist Party, but who nevertheless are still helping to shape our foreign policy. One thing to remember in discussing the Communists in our Government is that we are not dealing with spies who…steal blueprints of a new weapon. We are dealing with a far more sinister type of activity because it permits the enemy to guide and shape our policy…and will end only when the whole sorry mess of twisted, warped thinkers are swept from the national scene.”
Senator Joseph McCarthy, The Congressional Record, 1950
Suburban Family in their new home in Levittown, New York.
(Bernard Hoffman, Life Magazine, Time Warner, Inc.
Peck and Deyle, p. 650.)
“We are people of this generation, bred in at least modest comfort, housed now in universities, looking uncomfortably to the world we inherit….Our comfort was penetrated by events too troubling to dismiss. First, the permeating and victimizing fact of human degradation, symbolized by the Southern struggle against racial bigotry.…Second, the enclosing fact of the Cold War symbolized by the presence of the Bomb, brought awareness…of our common peril. [We] witness other paradoxes….While two-thirds of mankind suffers undernourishment, our own upper class revel amidst superfluous abundance….The search for truly democratic alternatives to the present, and a commitment to social experimentation with them is a worthy and fulfilling human enterprise….As students, for a democratic society, we are committed to simulating this kind of social movement, this kind of vision and program.”
The Port Huron Statement, Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 1962
"We, men and women who hereby constitute ourselves as the National Organization for Women, believe that the time has come for a new movement toward true equality for all women in America, and toward a fully equal partnership of the sexes...
NOW Bill of Rights...
Equal rights Constitutional AmendmentEnforce Law Banning Sex Discrimination in Employment
Maternity Leave Rights in Employment and in Social Security benefits
Tax Deduction for Home and Child Care expenses for working Parents
Child Care Centers
Equal and Unsegregated Education
Equal Job training opportunities and Allowances for Women in Poverty
Rights of Women to control their reproductive lives"
The National Organization for Women’s 1966 Statement of Purpose
“For in your time we have the opportunity to move…upward to the Great Society. The Great Society rests on abundance and liberty for all. It demands an end to poverty and racial injustice, to which we are totally committed in our time.…So I want to talk to you today about three places where we begin to build the Great Society—in our cities, in our countryside, and in our classrooms….There are those timid souls who say this battle cannot be won, that we are condemned to a soulless wealth. I do not agree. We have the power to shape the civilization that we want. But we need your will, your labor, your hearts, if we are to build that kind of society.”
President Lyndon Johnson, Commencement Address University of Michigan, 1964
“We are all in it together. This is a war. We take a few shots and it will be over. We will give them a few shots and it will be over. Don’t worry. I wouldn’t want to be on the other side right now.…I want the most comprehensive notes on all those who tried to do us in. They didn’t have to do it. If we had had a very close election and they were playing the other side I would understand this. No—they were doing this quite deliberately and they are asking for it and they are going to get it.…We have not used the Bureau, and we have not used the Justice Department, but things are going to change now.…And who the hell are they after? They are after us. It is absolutely ridiculous. It is not going to be that way anymore.”
Transcript of President Nixon speaking to John Dean in the Oval Office, September 5, 1972
"Our people are losing that faith. Not only in Government itself, but in their ability as citizens to serve as the ultimate rulers and shapers of our democracy. We were sure that ours was a nation of the ballot, not of the bullet, until the murders of John Kennedy and Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. We were taught that our armies were always invincible and our causes were always just only to suffer the agony of Vietnam. We respected the Presidency as a place of honor until the shock of Watergate. We remember when the phrase "sound as a dollar" was an expression of absolute dependability until 10 years of inflation began to shrink our dollar and our savings. We believed that our nation's resources were limitless until 1973, when we had to face a growing dependence on foreign oil.
Jimmy Carter "Crisis of Confidence: Energy and National Goals," July 15, 1979.
Additional Multiple Choice
1. The Cold War challenges and technological deficits most closely parallel U.S. unpreparedness in the early stages of which previous war?
2. What was the largest post-World War II effort by the US to bolster the economies of non-Communist nations?
3. How were the formation of NATO and the Warsaw Pact similar?
4. Why were Julius and Ethel Rosenberg executed?
5. What was the greatest setback to the U.S. policy of containment in the early Cold War?
6. What development provoked the greatest fear of internal Communist threats within the US?
7. What factors most likely led to the change in American sentiment about communism between 1950 and 1954?
8. What was the major function of HUAC?
9. Between 1950 and 1959, what contributed to the change in American sentiment regarding unemployment?
10. How did William J. Levitt help the expansion of the American suburbs?
11. What were characteristics of the cultural conformity of the 1950s and early 1960s?
12. Which antiwar student movement was most influential in organizing large-scale protests?
13. What event represents the zenith of 1960s counterculture?
14. Why did Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society end?
15. President Johnson escalated the Vietnam War in response to what?
16. What was the major North Vietnamese and Viet Cong offensive launched on the Vietnamese New Year in 1968 is referred to as?
17. During the Vietnam War, how did television influence popular opinion of the conflict?
18. In the 1950s and 1960s, which continent’s nationalist movements presented the greatest challenge to U.S. Cold War goals?
19. Describe the movement from Cold War confrontation to Cold War coexistence.
20. Why did the violent antiwar protest take place at Kent State University?
21. What are the provisions of the 1973 War Powers Act?
22. What was the Congressional passage of the 1973 War Powers Act to limit executive authority a response to?
23. Four deaths resulted after a clash between antiwar student groups and National Guardsmen at which U.S. College?
24. What did Nixon call his supporters who favored traditional family values and an end to liberal politics?
25. Which president oversaw passage of the Environmental Protection Agency, Clean Air Act, and Endangered Species Act?
26. What were the reactions to Watergate concerning attempts to limit the authority of the president?
27. What was the primary reason behind the Watergate break-in in 1972
28. In foreign affairs, what was illustrated by President Nixon’s policy of détente?
29. What caused the combination of inflation and economic recession in the United States in 1973?
30. What action did Gerald Ford take to attempt to heal the nation following the Watergate Scandal?
31. Why did Jimmy Carter win the 1976 presidential election?
32. Why might Carter and historians consider 1973 a turning point in America's confidence in the economy?
33. What were the two major areas of focus of Ronald Reagan’s economic plan?
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